1 概述

　　前段时间摸索在Java中怎么获取系统信息包括cpu、内存、硬盘信息等，刚开始使用Java自带的包进行获取，但这样获取的内存信息不够准确并且容易出现找不到相应包等错误，所以后面使用sigar插件进行获取。下面列举出了这两种方式获取系统信息的方式及代码。

2 使用Java自带包获取系统信息

2.1 使用Java自带包获取系统信息代码如下：

2.1.1 Bytes.java

public class Bytes {    public static String substring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx){        byte[] b = src.getBytes();        String tgt = "";        for(int i=start_idx; i<=end_idx; i++){            tgt +=(char)b[i];        }        return tgt;    }}

2.1.2 IMonitorService.java

public interface IMonitorService {    public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception;}

 

2.1.3 MonitorInfoBean.java

public class MonitorInfoBean {    private long totalMemory;    private long freeMemory;    private long maxMemory;    private String osName;    private long totalMemorySize;    private long freePhysicalMemorySize;    private long usedMemory;    private int totalThread;    private double cpuRatio;    public long getFreeMemory() {        return freeMemory;    }    public void setFreeMemory(long freeMemory) {        this.freeMemory = freeMemory;    }    public long getFreePhysicalMemorySize() {        return freePhysicalMemorySize;    }    public void setFreePhysicalMemorySize(long freePhysicalMemorySize) {        this.freePhysicalMemorySize = freePhysicalMemorySize;    }    public long getMaxMemory() {        return maxMemory;    }    public void setMaxMemory(long maxMemory) {        this.maxMemory = maxMemory;    }    public String getOsName() {        return osName;    }    public void setOsName(String osName) {        this.osName = osName;    }    public long getTotalMemory() {        return totalMemory;    }    public void setTotalMemory(long totalMemory) {        this.totalMemory = totalMemory;    }    public long getTotalMemorySize() {        return totalMemorySize;    }    public void setTotalMemorySize(long totalMemorySize) {        this.totalMemorySize = totalMemorySize;    }    public int getTotalThread() {        return totalThread;    }    public void setTotalThread(int totalThread) {        this.totalThread = totalThread;    }    public long getUsedMemory() {        return usedMemory;    }    public void setUsedMemory(long usedMemory) {        this.usedMemory = usedMemory;    }    public double getCpuRatio() {        return cpuRatio;    }    public void setCpuRatio(double cpuRatio) {        this.cpuRatio = cpuRatio;    }}

2.1.4

import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.LineNumberReader;//import sun.management.ManagementFactory;//import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;import java.io.*;import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;import java.util.StringTokenizer;public class MonitorServiceImpl implements IMonitorService {    private static final int CPUTIME = 30;    private static final int PERCENT = 100;    private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10;    private static final File versionFile = new File("/proc/version");    private static String linuxVersion = null;    public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception {        int kb = 1024;        long totalMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / kb;        long freeMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / kb;        long maxMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / kb;        // OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean)        // ManagementFactory        // .getOperatingSystemMXBean();        // String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");        // long totalMemorySize = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / kb;        // long freePhysicalMemorySize = osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() / kb;        // long usedMemory = (osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() - osmxb        // .getFreePhysicalMemorySize()) / kb;        ThreadGroup parentThread;        for (parentThread = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); parentThread.getParent() != null; parentThread = parentThread.getParent());        int totalThread = parentThread.activeCount();        double cpuRatio = 0;        // if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) {        // cpuRatio = this.getCpuRatioForWindows();        // } else {        // cpuRatio = this.getCpuRateForLinux();        // }        MonitorInfoBean infoBean = new MonitorInfoBean();        infoBean.setFreeMemory(freeMemory);        // infoBean.setFreePhysicalMemorySize(freePhysicalMemorySize);        infoBean.setMaxMemory(maxMemory);        // infoBean.setOsName(osName);        infoBean.setTotalMemory(totalMemory);        // infoBean.setTotalMemorySize(totalMemorySize);        infoBean.setTotalThread(totalThread);        // infoBean.setUsedMemory(usedMemory);        infoBean.setCpuRatio(cpuRatio);        return infoBean;    }    private static double getCpuRateForLinux() {        InputStream is = null;        InputStreamReader isr = null;        BufferedReader brStat = null;        StringTokenizer tokenStat = null;        try {            System.out.println("Get usage rate of CUP , linux version: " + linuxVersion);            Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("top -b -n 1");            is = process.getInputStream();            isr = new InputStreamReader(is);            brStat = new BufferedReader(isr);            if (linuxVersion.equals("2.4")) {                brStat.readLine();                brStat.readLine();                brStat.readLine();                brStat.readLine();                tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                String user = tokenStat.nextToken();                 tokenStat.nextToken();                String system = tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                String nice = tokenStat.nextToken();                System.out.println(user + " , " + system + " , " + nice);                user = user.substring(0, user.indexOf("%"));                system = system.substring(0, system.indexOf("%"));                nice = nice.substring(0, nice.indexOf("%"));                float userUsage = new Float(user).floatValue();                float systemUsage = new Float(system).floatValue();                float niceUsage = new Float(nice).floatValue(); return (userUsage + systemUsage + niceUsage) / 100;             } else {                brStat.readLine();                brStat.readLine();                tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                tokenStat.nextToken();                String cpuUsage = tokenStat.nextToken();                System.out.println("CPU idle : " + cpuUsage);                Float usage = new Float(cpuUsage.substring(0, cpuUsage.indexOf("%")));                return (1 - usage.floatValue() / 100);            }        } catch (IOException ioe) {            System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());            freeResource(is, isr, brStat);            return 1;        } finally {            freeResource(is, isr, brStat);        }    }    private static void freeResource(InputStream is, InputStreamReader isr, BufferedReader br) {        try {            if (is != null)                is.close();            if (isr != null)                isr.close();            if (br != null)                br.close();        } catch (IOException ioe) {            System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());        }    }    private double getCpuRatioForWindows() {        try {            String procCmd = System.getenv("windir")                    + "\\system32\\wbem\\wmic.exe process get Caption,CommandLine,"                    + "KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount";            long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));            Thread.sleep(CPUTIME);            long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));            if (c0 != null && c1 != null) {                long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0];                long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1];                return Double.valueOf(                        PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime)).doubleValue();            } else {                return 0.0;            }        } catch (Exception ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();            return 0.0;        }    }    private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) {        long[] retn = new long[2];        try {            proc.getOutputStream().close();            InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());            LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);            String line = input.readLine();            if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) {                return null;            }            int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption");            int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine");            int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount");            int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime");            int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime");            int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount");            long idletime = 0;            long kneltime = 0;            long usertime = 0;            while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {                if (line.length() < wocidx) {                    continue;                }                String caption = Bytes.substring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1) .trim();                String cmd = Bytes.substring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim();                if (cmd.indexOf("wmic.exe") >= 0) {                    continue;                }                // log.info("line="+line);                if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) {                    idletime += Long.valueOf(                            Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();                    idletime += Long.valueOf(                            Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();                    continue;                }                kneltime += Long.valueOf(                        Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();                usertime += Long.valueOf(                        Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();            }            retn[0] = idletime;            retn[1] = kneltime + usertime;            return retn;        } catch (Exception ex) {            ex.printStackTrace();        } finally {            try {                proc.getInputStream().close();            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }        }        return null;    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        IMonitorService service = new MonitorServiceImpl();        MonitorInfoBean monitorInfo = service.getMonitorInfoBean();        System.out.println("cpu percent: " + monitorInfo.getCpuRatio());        System.out.println("can use memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemory());        System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory());        System.out.println("largest memory: " + monitorInfo.getMaxMemory());        System.out.println("all memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemorySize() + "kb");        System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory() + "kb");        System.out.println("used memory: " + monitorInfo.getUsedMemory() + "kb");        System.out.println("thread num: " + monitorInfo.getTotalThread() + "kb");    }}

2.2 执行结果如下图所示：

 

3 使用sigar获取系统信息

3.1 下载安装sigar-1.6.4.zip

 

    使用java自带的包获取系统数据，容易找不到包，尤其是内存信息不够准确，所以选择使用sigar获取系统信息。  

    下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/sigar/files/latest/download?source=files

    解压压缩包，将lib下sigar.jar导入eclipse的CLASSPATH中，再将sigar-x86-winnt.dll存入Java的bin目录即可。

3.2 代码实现如下：

 

import java.net.InetAddress;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Properties;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuInfo;import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuPerc;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystemUsage;import org.hyperic.sigar.Mem;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetFlags;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceConfig;import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceStat;import org.hyperic.sigar.OperatingSystem;import org.hyperic.sigar.Sigar;import org.hyperic.sigar.SigarException;import org.hyperic.sigar.Swap;import org.hyperic.sigar.Who; public class RuntimeTest {    public static void main(String[] args) {        try {            // System信息，从jvm获取            property();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // cpu信息            cpu();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 内存信息            memory();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 操作系统信息            os();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 用户信息            who();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 文件系统信息            file();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 网络信息            net();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");            // 以太网信息            ethernet();            System.out.println("----------------------------------");        } catch (Exception e1) {            e1.printStackTrace();        }    }     private static void property() throws UnknownHostException {        Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();        Properties props = System.getProperties();        InetAddress addr;        addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();        String ip = addr.getHostAddress();        Map
     
       map = System.getenv();        String userName = map.get("USERNAME");// 获取用户名        String computerName = map.get("COMPUTERNAME");// 获取计算机名        String userDomain = map.get("USERDOMAIN");// 获取计算机域名        System.out.println("用户名:    " + userName);        System.out.println("计算机名:    " + computerName);        System.out.println("计算机域名:    " + userDomain);        System.out.println("本地ip地址:    " + ip);        System.out.println("本地主机名:    " + addr.getHostName());        System.out.println("JVM可以使用的总内存:    " + r.totalMemory());        System.out.println("JVM可以使用的剩余内存:    " + r.freeMemory());        System.out.println("JVM可以使用的处理器个数:    " + r.availableProcessors());        System.out.println("Java的运行环境版本：    " + props.getProperty("java.version"));        System.out.println("Java的运行环境供应商：    " + props.getProperty("java.vendor"));        System.out.println("Java供应商的URL：    " + props.getProperty("java.vendor.url"));        System.out.println("Java的安装路径：    " + props.getProperty("java.home"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范版本：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.version"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范供应商：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机规范名称：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.name"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现版本：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.version"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现供应商：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.vendor"));        System.out.println("Java的虚拟机实现名称：    " + props.getProperty("java.vm.name"));        System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范版本：    " + props.getProperty("java.specification.version"));        System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范供应商：    " + props.getProperty("java.specification.vender"));        System.out.println("Java运行时环境规范名称：    " + props.getProperty("java.specification.name"));        System.out.println("Java的类格式版本号：    " + props.getProperty("java.class.version"));        System.out.println("Java的类路径：    " + props.getProperty("java.class.path"));        System.out.println("加载库时搜索的路径列表：    " + props.getProperty("java.library.path"));        System.out.println("默认的临时文件路径：    " + props.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));        System.out.println("一个或多个扩展目录的路径：    " + props.getProperty("java.ext.dirs"));        System.out.println("操作系统的名称：    " + props.getProperty("os.name"));        System.out.println("操作系统的构架：    " + props.getProperty("os.arch"));        System.out.println("操作系统的版本：    " + props.getProperty("os.version"));        System.out.println("文件分隔符：    " + props.getProperty("file.separator"));        System.out.println("路径分隔符：    " + props.getProperty("path.separator"));        System.out.println("行分隔符：    " + props.getProperty("line.separator"));        System.out.println("用户的账户名称：    " + props.getProperty("user.name"));        System.out.println("用户的主目录：    " + props.getProperty("user.home"));        System.out.println("用户的当前工作目录：    " + props.getProperty("user.dir"));    }     private static void memory() throws SigarException {        Sigar sigar = new Sigar();        Mem mem = sigar.getMem();        // 内存总量        System.out.println("内存总量:    " + mem.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av");        // 当前内存使用量        System.out.println("当前内存使用量:    " + mem.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used");        // 当前内存剩余量        System.out.println("当前内存剩余量:    " + mem.getFree() / 1024L + "K free");        Swap swap = sigar.getSwap();        // 交换区总量        System.out.println("交换区总量:    " + swap.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av");        // 当前交换区使用量        System.out.println("当前交换区使用量:    " + swap.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used");        // 当前交换区剩余量        System.out.println("当前交换区剩余量:    " + swap.getFree() / 1024L + "K free");    }     private static void cpu() throws SigarException {        Sigar sigar = new Sigar();        CpuInfo infos[] = sigar.getCpuInfoList();        CpuPerc cpuList[] = null;        cpuList = sigar.getCpuPercList();        for (int i = 0; i < infos.length; i++) {
   // 不管是单块CPU还是多CPU都适用            CpuInfo info = infos[i];            System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "块CPU信息");            System.out.println("CPU的总量MHz:    " + info.getMhz());// CPU的总量MHz            System.out.println("CPU生产商:    " + info.getVendor());// 获得CPU的卖主，如：Intel            System.out.println("CPU类别:    " + info.getModel());// 获得CPU的类别，如：Celeron            System.out.println("CPU缓存数量:    " + info.getCacheSize());// 缓冲存储器数量            printCpuPerc(cpuList[i]);        }    }     private static void printCpuPerc(CpuPerc cpu) {        System.out.println("CPU用户使用率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getUser()));// 用户使用率        System.out.println("CPU系统使用率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getSys()));// 系统使用率        System.out.println("CPU当前等待率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getWait()));// 当前等待率        System.out.println("CPU当前错误率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getNice()));//        System.out.println("CPU当前空闲率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getIdle()));// 当前空闲率        System.out.println("CPU总的使用率:    " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getCombined()));// 总的使用率    }     private static void os() {        OperatingSystem OS = OperatingSystem.getInstance();        // 操作系统内核类型如： 386、486、586等x86        System.out.println("操作系统:    " + OS.getArch());        System.out.println("操作系统CpuEndian():    " + OS.getCpuEndian());//        System.out.println("操作系统DataModel():    " + OS.getDataModel());//        // 系统描述        System.out.println("操作系统的描述:    " + OS.getDescription());        // 操作系统类型        // System.out.println("OS.getName():    " + OS.getName());        // System.out.println("OS.getPatchLevel():    " + OS.getPatchLevel());//        // 操作系统的卖主        System.out.println("操作系统的卖主:    " + OS.getVendor());        // 卖主名称        System.out.println("操作系统的卖主名:    " + OS.getVendorCodeName());        // 操作系统名称        System.out.println("操作系统名称:    " + OS.getVendorName());        // 操作系统卖主类型        System.out.println("操作系统卖主类型:    " + OS.getVendorVersion());        // 操作系统的版本号        System.out.println("操作系统的版本号:    " + OS.getVersion());    }     private static void who() throws SigarException {        Sigar sigar = new Sigar();        Who who[] = sigar.getWhoList();        if (who != null && who.length > 0) {            for (int i = 0; i < who.length; i++) {                // System.out.println("当前系统进程表中的用户名" + String.valueOf(i));                Who _who = who[i];                System.out.println("用户控制台:    " + _who.getDevice());                System.out.println("用户host:    " + _who.getHost());                // System.out.println("getTime():    " + _who.getTime());                // 当前系统进程表中的用户名                System.out.println("当前系统进程表中的用户名:    " + _who.getUser());            }        }    }     private static void file() throws Exception {        Sigar sigar = new Sigar();        FileSystem fslist[] = sigar.getFileSystemList();        for (int i = 0; i < fslist.length; i++) {            System.out.println("分区的盘符名称" + i);            FileSystem fs = fslist[i];            // 分区的盘符名称            System.out.println("盘符名称:    " + fs.getDevName());            // 分区的盘符名称            System.out.println("盘符路径:    " + fs.getDirName());            System.out.println("盘符标志:    " + fs.getFlags());//            // 文件系统类型，比如 FAT32、NTFS            System.out.println("盘符类型:    " + fs.getSysTypeName());            // 文件系统类型名，比如本地硬盘、光驱、网络文件系统等            System.out.println("盘符类型名:    " + fs.getTypeName());            // 文件系统类型            System.out.println("盘符文件系统类型:    " + fs.getType());            FileSystemUsage usage = null;            usage = sigar.getFileSystemUsage(fs.getDirName());            switch (fs.getType()) {            case 0: // TYPE_UNKNOWN ：未知                break;            case 1: // TYPE_NONE                break;            case 2: // TYPE_LOCAL_DISK : 本地硬盘                // 文件系统总大小                System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "总大小:    " + usage.getTotal() + "KB");                // 文件系统剩余大小                System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "剩余大小:    " + usage.getFree() + "KB");                // 文件系统可用大小                System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "可用大小:    " + usage.getAvail() + "KB");                // 文件系统已经使用量                System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "已经使用量:    " + usage.getUsed() + "KB");                double usePercent = usage.getUsePercent() * 100D;                // 文件系统资源的利用率                System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "资源的利用率:    " + usePercent + "%");                break;            case 3:// TYPE_NETWORK ：网络                break;            case 4:// TYPE_RAM_DISK ：闪存                break;            case 5:// TYPE_CDROM ：光驱                break;            case 6:// TYPE_SWAP ：页面交换                break;            }            System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "读出：    " + usage.getDiskReads());            System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "写入：    " + usage.getDiskWrites());        }        return;    }     private static void net() throws Exception {        Sigar sigar = new Sigar();        String ifNames[] = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();        for (int i = 0; i < ifNames.length; i++) {            String name = ifNames[i];            NetInterfaceConfig ifconfig = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(name);            System.out.println("网络设备名:    " + name);// 网络设备名            System.out.println("IP地址:    " + ifconfig.getAddress());// IP地址            System.out.println("子网掩码:    " + ifconfig.getNetmask());// 子网掩码            if ((ifconfig.getFlags() & 1L) <= 0L) {                System.out.println("!IFF_UP...skipping getNetInterfaceStat");                continue;            }            NetInterfaceStat ifstat = sigar.getNetInterfaceStat(name);            System.out.println(name + "接收的总包裹数:" + ifstat.getRxPackets());// 接收的总包裹数            System.out.println(name + "发送的总包裹数:" + ifstat.getTxPackets());// 发送的总包裹数            System.out.println(name + "接收到的总字节数:" + ifstat.getRxBytes());// 接收到的总字节数            System.out.println(name + "发送的总字节数:" + ifstat.getTxBytes());// 发送的总字节数            System.out.println(name + "接收到的错误包数:" + ifstat.getRxErrors());// 接收到的错误包数            System.out.println(name + "发送数据包时的错误数:" + ifstat.getTxErrors());// 发送数据包时的错误数            System.out.println(name + "接收时丢弃的包数:" + ifstat.getRxDropped());// 接收时丢弃的包数            System.out.println(name + "发送时丢弃的包数:" + ifstat.getTxDropped());// 发送时丢弃的包数        }    }     private static void ethernet() throws SigarException {        Sigar sigar = null;        sigar = new Sigar();        String[] ifaces = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();        for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) {            NetInterfaceConfig cfg = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(ifaces[i]);            if (NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(cfg.getAddress()) || (cfg.getFlags() & NetFlags.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0                    || NetFlags.NULL_HWADDR.equals(cfg.getHwaddr())) {                continue;            }            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "IP地址:" + cfg.getAddress());// IP地址            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网关广播地址:" + cfg.getBroadcast());// 网关广播地址            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡MAC地址:" + cfg.getHwaddr());// 网卡MAC地址            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "子网掩码:" + cfg.getNetmask());// 子网掩码            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡描述信息:" + cfg.getDescription());// 网卡描述信息            System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "网卡类型" + cfg.getType());//        }    }}
     

 

 

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